VISCOSITY– Viscosity is a measure of a fluid’s resistance to flow. It describes the internal friction of a moving fluid. A fluidwith large viscosity resists motion because its molecular makeup gives it a lot of internal friction.
Viscosity is the measure of resistance of a fluid to flow. A fluid that is highly viscous has a high resistance (like having more friction) and flows slower than a low-viscosity fluid. … Honey would move slower than water, so honey would have a greater viscosity.
Viscosity is the property of fluid having high resistance to flow. We normally think of liquids like honey or motor oil being viscous, but when compared to other substances with like structures, water is viscous.
VOLUME COST– Cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis is used to determine how changes in costs and volume affect a company’s operating income and net income. In performing this analysis, there are several assumptions made, including: Sales price per unit is constant.
Sometimes referred to in the context of cost or expense behavior such as “variable expenses increase as volume increases.” In this context volume might be an activity such as the number of machine hours, the number of units produced, the number of pounds processed, the number of units sold, or the dollars of goods sold.
It represents the incremental money generated for each product/unit sold after deducting the variable portion of the firm’s costs. Basically, it shows the portion of sales that helps to cover the company’s fixed costs. Any remaining revenue left after covering fixed costs is the profit generated.
VULCANIZATE– Vulcanization is a chemical process for converting natural rubber or related polymers into more durable materials via the addition of sulfur or other equivalent curatives or accelerators. These additives modify the polymer by forming cross-links between individual polymer chains.
VULCANIZATION- Vulcanization is a chemical process in which the rubber is heated with sulphur, accelerator and activator at 140–160°C. The process involves the formation of cross-links between long rubber molecules so as to achieve improved elasticity, resilience, tensile strength, viscosity, hardness and weather resistance.
What is vulcanized rubber used for? Vulcanized rubber is used to make a variety of items, including the soles of shoes, hoses, hockey pucks, bowling balls, toys, tires, bouncing balls, and much more. Most of the rubber products manufactured are vulcanized.
The Roman god Vulcan (whose Greek counterpart is Hephaestus) was the god of fire and of skills that used fire, such as metalworking. So when Charles Goodyear discovered that high heat would result in stronger rubber, he called the process “vulcanization” after the god of fire.
Vulcanization (British: Vulcanisation) is a range of processes for hardening rubbers. The term originally referred exclusively to the treatment of natural rubber with sulfur, which remains the most common practice. It has also grown to include the hardening of other (synthetic) rubbers via various means.
VULCANIZING AGENT– The most common vulcanization agent is sulfur. It forms bridges between individual polymer molecules when heated with rubber. Often a catalyst and initiator is added to accelerate the vulcanization process.
Vulcanization is a chemical process in which the rubber is heated with sulphur, accelerator and activator at 140–160°C. The process involves the formation of cross-links between long rubber molecules so as to achieve improved elasticity, resilience, tensile strength, viscosity, hardness and weather resistance.
Mineral sulfur is a widely used ingredient to form cross-links between the rubber chains in the vulcanization process. During compounding, a high elastic state of sulfur at temperatures between 40°C and 70°C promotes elongation of its particles and, next, breaking these thin and weak needles into pieces.
Valuation – The act or process of valuing or of estimating the value or worth; appraisal.
Velocity – Rate of airflow in lineal feet per minute.
Ventilation – The provision of a directed flow of fresh and return air along all underground roadways, traveling roads, workings, and service parts.
Violation – The breaking of any state or federal mining law.
Virgin – Unworked; untouched; often said of areas where there has been no coal mining.
Void – A general term for pore space or other reopenings in rock. In addition to pore space, the term includes vesicles, solution cavities, or any openings either primary or secondary.
Volatile Matter – Those substances in coal, other than moisture, that are given off as gas and vapour during combustion.